Built in the reign of D. Afonso Henriques, after taking Lisbon from the Moors, the construction of the Cathedral of Lisbon began in 1147, being therefore considered the oldest church of the current Portuguese capital. The reorganization of the Diocese of Lisbon began shortly after the conquest of the city by the first king of Portugal and the knights of the Second Crusade. An English crusader, Gilberto de Hastings, was then appointed Bishop, and the construction of this Cathedral began on the site of the old mosque, works that ended in the first decades of the 13th century. The original building, in Romanesque style – with a Latin cross plan with three naves, triforium over the side naves, protruding transept and tripartite apse – was designed by Mestre Roberto and has many similarities with the Old Cathedral of Coimbra, built a few years before. But it has undergone many interventions over the centuries: some due to the needs and fashions of each era, others due to the countless cataclysms that affected Lisbon. The Gothic cloister, for example, begun to be built in the reign of D. Dinis (between 1261 and 1325), having the particularity of being the only one placed at the back of the building. The apse with deambulatory was built in the reign of D. Afonso IV (between 1325 and 1357), to receive pilgrims who came to venerate the relics of St. Vincent and to create his pantheon, and constitutes the only deambulatory in a national Gothic cathedral, works that ended only during the reign of D. João I (between 1357 and 1433). Two centuries later, in 1649, a new sacristy was added in the Mannerist style. With the great Lisbon earthquake, in1755, part of the building was destroyed. The Gothic chancel, the chapel of the Most Holy, the roof of the nave, the south tower of the facade and the lantern-tower collapsed. Between 1761 and 1785, the Chapel of the Most Holy was rebuilt. The south tower, the nave’s roof and the new chancel were built between 1769 and 1771 by the architect Reinaldo dos Santos. In the early 20th century, the Lisbon Cathedral was also subjected to revivalist restorations, which removed several additions from the Baroque period. Augusto Fuschini and António do Couto Abreu then planned a temple based on the existing medieval structures. Fuschini rebuilt vaults, restored and opened new windows and surmounted the building with battlements.